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AE์ VAE๋ ๋ชฉ์ ์์ฒด๊ฐ ์ ๋ฐ๋ - AE : ์๋จ(Encoder ๋ถ๋ถ) ํ์ต ์ํด ๋ท๋จ ์ถ๊ฐ → Manifold learning - VAE : ๋ท๋จ(Decoder ๋ถ๋ถ) ํ์ต ์ํด ์๋จ ์ถ๊ฐ → Generative model learning [Keyword] : Generative model learning Generative model : Latent variable model Variational AE (VAE) 1. Generative model 1) Sample Gerneration 2) Latent Variable Model Training DB์ ์๋ data point x ๊ฐ ๋์ฌ ํ๋ฅ ์ ๊ตฌํจ → ๊ทธ ํ๋ฅ ์ด ๋ชจ๋ Training DB์ ๋ํด Maximize ํ๋ ํ๋ฅ ๋ถํฌ p(x) ์ฐพ๋ ๊ฒ..
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AutoEncoder (AE) 1. Introduction 1) Terminology AutoEncoders = Auto-associators = Diabolo networks = Sandglass-shaped net - x : Input layer - z : Bottleneck Hidden layer = Code = Latent Variable = Feature = Hidden representation - y : Output layer (Reconstruct Input) AE : ์ ๋ ฅ์ ์ ์ฐจ์ Latent space๋ก Encoding ํ ํ Decoding ํ์ฌ ๋ณต์(reconstruct)ํ๋ Network - ์ด๋ฏธ์ง๋ฅผ ์ ๋ ฅ๋ฐ์ Encoder ํตํด Latent space๋ก ๋งคํํ๊ณ , Decoder ํต..
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[Keyword] : Manifold Learning, Unsupervised Learning 1. AutoEncoder์ ์ฃผ์ ๊ธฐ๋ฅ 1) Dimension Reduction (์ฐจ์ ์ถ์) : Unsupervised Learning Task 2) Density Estimation (ํ๋ฅ ๋ถํฌ ์์ธก) 3) 'Manifold' ํ์ต 2. Manifold ์ ์ Manifold : Train DB์ ํด๋น๋๋ ๊ณ ์ฐจ์(๊ทธ๋ฆผ์ 3D) ๋ฐ์ดํฐ๋ฅผ ๊ณต๊ฐ ์์ ๋ฟ๋ ค๋ดค์ ๋ ์๊ธฐ๋ ์ ๋ค์ ์๋ฌ ์์ด ์ ์์ฐ๋ฅด๋ Sub-space → Manifold์์ ์ ์ฐจ์(๊ทธ๋ฆผ์ 2D) ์์ projection ์ํค๋ฉด ๋ฐ์ดํฐ ์ฐจ์์ ์ค์ผ ์ ์์ 3. Manifold ํ์ต์ ๋ชฉ์ 1) Data compression (๋ฐ์ดํฐ ์์ถ) - ๊ฐ์..
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[Keyword] : ML density estimation DNN์ ํ์ตํ ๋ ์ฌ์ฉ๋๋ Loss function์ ๋ค์ํ Viewpoint ์์ ํด์ํ ์ ์์ (CE Loss function VS MSE Loss function ๋ฌด์์ด ๋ ์ข์๊ฐ ! Viewpoint ๋ฐ๋ผ ๋ค๋ฆ) [V1] Back-propagation ์๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ์ด ๋ ์ ๋์(gradient-vanishing ๋ ๋ฐ์)ํ ์ ์๋์ง์ ๋ํ ํด์ → CE๊ฐ ๋ ์ข์ [V2] Negative Maximum likelihood๋ก ๋ณด๊ณ ํน์ ํํ์ loss๋ ํน์ ํํ์ ํ๋ฅ ๋ถํฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์ ํ๋ค๋ ํด์ → Output value๊ฐ Continuous : MSE & Discrete : CE ์ฌ์ฉ → ํ๋ฅ ๋ถํฌ๊ฐ Gaussian distribution ..
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AutoEncoder - A way for unsupervised learning for nonlinear manifold - ANN used for unsupervised learning of efficient codings - Aim : To learn a representation for set of data - Purpose : Dimensionality reduction [Keyword] โพ Unsupervised learning โพ Manifold learning = Nonlinear Dimensionality reduction = Representation learning = Efficient coding learning = Feature extraction โพ Generative model..
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1. Computer Vision 1) CV : A field of AI that trains computers to interpret and understand the visual world (์๊ฐ์ ์ธ๊ณ๋ฅผ ํด์ํ๊ณ ์ดํดํ๋๋ก ์ปดํจํฐ๋ฅผ ํ์ต์ํค๋ ์ธ๊ณต์ง๋ฅ์ ํ ๋ถ์ผ) - Computer๊ฐ Digital Image์ DL ๋ชจ๋ธ์ ํตํด ๊ฐ์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ ํํ ์๋ณํ๊ณ ๋ถ๋ฅํ๋ ํ์ต์ ์งํ - ์ฌ๋์ ๋์ผ๋ก ์ฌ๋ฌผ์ ๋ณด๋ ๊ฒ์ฒ๋ผ ์ปดํจํฐ๊ฐ ์ฌ๋ฌผ์ ๋ณด๊ณ , ๋๊ฐ ํ๋ ์์ ์ ์๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ์ ํตํด ์ปดํจํฐ๊ฐ ์ ์ฌํ๊ฒ ์ํํ ์ ์๋๋ก ๋ง๋๋ ์์ 2) Task (1) Classification (๊ฐ์ฒด ๋ถ๋ฅ) : ์ด๋ฏธ์ง ์ ๊ฐ์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ธ์งํด ๊ฐ์ฒด์ Class๋ฅผ ๋ถ๋ฅํ๋ ๊ธฐ์ Ex. DenseNet, SENet, MobileNet, Squ..
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4.1 Introduction imshow function Spatial resolution and Quantization Image quality Image attributes 4.2 The imshow function 1) Greyscale images x : matrix of type uint8 (int bw 0 ~ 255) → imshow(x) : display x as greyscale img c : matrix of type double → (1) or (2) (1) Convert to type uint8 and then display (2) Display the matrix directly imshow(c) : display c of type double as greyscale img if ..
3.1 Greyscale images 1) imread >> w = imread('wombats.tif'); (1) w : A matrix variable (which has grey values of all the pixels in greyscale image) (2) imread : To read the pixel values from an image file, and return a matrix of all the pixel values - It ends in a semicolon ( ; ) : not displaying the result of command to screen The result of imread command is a matrix of size 256x256, or with 65..